without a burden

ĭnānis, e, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. 2. in-], empty, void (opp. plenus; freq. and class.).

Physically:

cum vas inane dicimus, non ita loquimur ut physici, quibus inane esse nihil placet, sed ita, ut verbi causa sine aqua, sine vino, sine oleo vas esse dicamus,

Cic. Fat. 11, 24:

aqualis inanis (opp. plena),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41:

tune inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita completa et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

quae spatium pleno possint distinguere inane,

Lucr. 1, 527:

domum ejus exornatam et instructam, fere jam iste reddiderat nudam atque inanem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 84:

granum inane cassumque,

Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 161:

quae (naves) inanes ad eum remitterentur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23, 4; so,

naves (opp. onustae),

id. B. C. 3, 8, 3; 3, 40, 4; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131; cf.:

inde navigia inania et vacua hinc plena et onusta mittantur,

Plin. Pan. 31, 4:

lagenae,

Cic. Fam. 16, 26, 2:

mensa,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 26:

vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existimes,

without a burden, id. Am. 1, 1, 174; cf.:

ego bajulabo: tu, ut decet dominum, ante me ito inanis,

id. As. 3, 3, 70:

janitor ad dantes vigilet: si pulset inanis Surdus, etc.,

emptyhanded, without presents, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 47:

hic homo est inanis,

without money, without fortune, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 44; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 2; id. Trin. 3, 2, 75:

misera in civitate et inani,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160:

egentes inanesque discedere,

id. ib. 2, 2, 9, § 25 fin.:

structores ad frumentum profecti inanes redierunt,

id. Att. 14, 3, 1; cf. id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

equus,

without a rider, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; cf.:

quid, quod omnes consulares... simul atque assedisti partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt?

id. Cat. 1, 7, 16:

absint inani funere neniae,

without a corpse, Hor. C. 2, 20, 21:

parasitus,

unfed, hungry, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 78:

venter,

hungry, Hor. S. 1, 6, 127; cf.:

siccus, inanis Sperne cibum vilem,

id. ib. 2, 2, 14:

quod inani sufficit alvo,

Juv. 5, 7:

laeva,

without rings, Hor. S. 2, 7, 9:

litterae,

empty, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 1:

paleae,

empty, light, Verg. G. 3, 134:

nubila,

id. ib. 4, 196:

venti,

id. A. 6, 740: tum ebur ex inani corpore extractum (a transl. of the Platon. apoleloipotos psuchên sômatos), lifeless, dead, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 Mos.:

corpus,

Ov. H. 15, 116; id. Am. 3, 9, 6; cf.

in the foll.: vulgus,

i. e. the shades, Stat. Th. 1, 93; cf.

umbra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25:

imago,

id. F. 5, 463:

regna Ditis,

Verg. A. 6, 269:

Tartara,

Ov. M. 11, 670: leo, a lion ' s hide, Stat. Th. 1, 483; so,

tigris,

id. ib. 6, 722:

vultus,

i. e. blind, Sen. Phoen. 43: Gaurus, i. e. hollow (an extinct volcano), Juv. 9, 57. —

With abl., gen., or ab (the last rare):

nulla epistula inanis aliqua re utili,

Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1:

Agyrinensis ager centum septuaginta aratoribus inanior est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121:

sanguinis atque animi pectus inane,

Ov. H. 3, 60:

corpus animae,

id. M. 13, 488; 2, 611; Prop. 3, 18 (4, 17), 32:

lymphae dolium,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 26:

pectus deorum,

Sil. 2, 309: inanis a marsupio, Prud. steph. 2, 104. —

Subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., an empty space, a void (most freq. in Lucr.):

scilicet hoc id erit vacuum quod inane vocamus,

Lucr. 1, 439:

namque est in rebus inane,

id. 1, 330 sq.; cf. id. 1, 569; 2, 236:

ita nullum inane, nihil esse individuum potest,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 65:

plus esse inanis,

Lucr. 1, 365:

inani,

ib. 524:

inane,

id. 1, 369; 426; 507;

514 et saep.: ad inane naturae,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13:

per inane,

through the air, Lucr. 1, 1018; 2, 65 et saep.; Verg. E. 6, 31; id. A. 12, 906; Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 169 et saep.— Abl.:

inani,

Lucr. 1, 742; 1009:

ab inani,

id. 1, 431:

in inani,

id. 1, 1078; 2, 122:

sine inani,

id. 1, 510; 532; 538:

per inania,

id. 1, 223; Ov. M. 2, 506.

Trop.

In gen., empty, useless, worthless, vain, unprofitable:

aures ipsae, quid plenum, quid inane sit judicant,

Cic. Brut. 8, 34:

quod honestum nos et laudabile esse dicamus, id illi cassum quiddam et inani vocis sono decoratum esse dicant,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 119; cf.:

honesti inane nomen esse,

id. Ac. 2, 22, 71:

sin vera visa divina sunt, falsa autem et inania humana,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127:

voces inanes fundere,

id. Tusc. 3, 18, 42; cf.

elocutio,

id. de Or. 1, 6, 20:

damnatus inani judicio,

Juv. 1, 47:

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 32:

verba,

id. 8, 2, 17; 9, 3, 100; cf.

verborum torrenti,

id. 10, 7, 23:

crimen,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 177:

o inanes nostras contentiones!

id. de Or. 3, 2, 7:

o spes fallaces et cogitationes inanes meae!

id. Mil. 34, 94; cf.:

inani et tenui spe te consolaris,

id. Rosc. Com. 14, 42:

spes,

Verg. A. 10, 627:

religio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

delectari multis inanibus rebus, ut gloriā, etc.,

id. Lael. 14, 49; 23, 86:

cupiditates,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 46:

causas nequidquam nectis inanes,

Verg. A. 9, 219:

minae,

Hor. Epod. 6, 3:

tempus inane peto, requiem spatiumque furori,

vacant, leisure, Verg. A. 4, 433; so,

ternpora (with morae),

Val. Fl. 3, 657: tempora, in prosody, i. q. the Gr. kenos chronos, the use of a short syllable for a long one, Quint. 9, 4, 51 Spald.—

With gen.:

omnia plena consiliorum, inania verborum,

poor in words, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37:

quae inanissima prudentiae reperta sunt,

id. Mur. 12, 26.—

Of persons, vain, worthless, petty:

Graii,

Lucr. 1, 639:

homo inanis et regiae superbiae,

Sall. J. 64, 5:

imagines, quibus inanissimi homines serviunt,

Lact. 2, 17, 8:

inanes Hoc juvat,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 76; Liv. 45, 23, 16; Lucr. 1, 639:

hi pressi et integri, contra inflati illi et inanes,

Quint. 12, 10, 16; cf.:

illud vero pusilli animi et inanis,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

non negaverim totam Asiae regionem inaniora parere ingenia,

Liv. 45, 23, 16.—

As subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., that which is empty or vain; emptiness, vanity, inanity:

o curas hominum! o quantum est in rebus inane!

Pers. 1, 1:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113.— Plur.:

dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet,

id. A. P. 230:

inaina famae,

idle reports, Tac. A. 2, 76:

inania belli,

id. ib. 2, 69.—Hence, adv.: ĭnānĭter, vainly, idly, uselessly:

exsultare,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13:

moveri,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 47; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 34:

pectus angere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 211:

medicas exercet inaniter artes,

Ov. M. 2, 618.

ĭnānis, e, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. 2. in-], empty, void (opp. plenus; freq. and class.).

Physically:

cum vas inane dicimus, non ita loquimur ut physici, quibus inane esse nihil placet, sed ita, ut verbi causa sine aqua, sine vino, sine oleo vas esse dicamus,

Cic. Fat. 11, 24:

aqualis inanis (opp. plena),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41:

tune inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita completa et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

quae spatium pleno possint distinguere inane,

Lucr. 1, 527:

domum ejus exornatam et instructam, fere jam iste reddiderat nudam atque inanem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 84:

granum inane cassumque,

Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 161:

quae (naves) inanes ad eum remitterentur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23, 4; so,

naves (opp. onustae),

id. B. C. 3, 8, 3; 3, 40, 4; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131; cf.:

inde navigia inania et vacua hinc plena et onusta mittantur,

Plin. Pan. 31, 4:

lagenae,

Cic. Fam. 16, 26, 2:

mensa,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 26:

vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existimes,

without a burden, id. Am. 1, 1, 174; cf.:

ego bajulabo: tu, ut decet dominum, ante me ito inanis,

id. As. 3, 3, 70:

janitor ad dantes vigilet: si pulset inanis Surdus, etc.,

emptyhanded, without presents, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 47:

hic homo est inanis,

without money, without fortune, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 44; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 2; id. Trin. 3, 2, 75:

misera in civitate et inani,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160:

egentes inanesque discedere,

id. ib. 2, 2, 9, § 25 fin.:

structores ad frumentum profecti inanes redierunt,

id. Att. 14, 3, 1; cf. id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

equus,

without a rider, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; cf.:

quid, quod omnes consulares... simul atque assedisti partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt?

id. Cat. 1, 7, 16:

absint inani funere neniae,

without a corpse, Hor. C. 2, 20, 21:

parasitus,

unfed, hungry, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 78:

venter,

hungry, Hor. S. 1, 6, 127; cf.:

siccus, inanis Sperne cibum vilem,

id. ib. 2, 2, 14:

quod inani sufficit alvo,

Juv. 5, 7:

laeva,

without rings, Hor. S. 2, 7, 9:

litterae,

empty, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 1:

paleae,

empty, light, Verg. G. 3, 134:

nubila,

id. ib. 4, 196:

venti,

id. A. 6, 740: tum ebur ex inani corpore extractum (a transl. of the Platon. apoleloipotos psuchên sômatos), lifeless, dead, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 Mos.:

corpus,

Ov. H. 15, 116; id. Am. 3, 9, 6; cf.

in the foll.: vulgus,

i. e. the shades, Stat. Th. 1, 93; cf.

umbra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25:

imago,

id. F. 5, 463:

regna Ditis,

Verg. A. 6, 269:

Tartara,

Ov. M. 11, 670: leo, a lion ' s hide, Stat. Th. 1, 483; so,

tigris,

id. ib. 6, 722:

vultus,

i. e. blind, Sen. Phoen. 43: Gaurus, i. e. hollow (an extinct volcano), Juv. 9, 57. —

With abl., gen., or ab (the last rare):

nulla epistula inanis aliqua re utili,

Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1:

Agyrinensis ager centum septuaginta aratoribus inanior est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121:

sanguinis atque animi pectus inane,

Ov. H. 3, 60:

corpus animae,

id. M. 13, 488; 2, 611; Prop. 3, 18 (4, 17), 32:

lymphae dolium,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 26:

pectus deorum,

Sil. 2, 309: inanis a marsupio, Prud. steph. 2, 104. —

Subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., an empty space, a void (most freq. in Lucr.):

scilicet hoc id erit vacuum quod inane vocamus,

Lucr. 1, 439:

namque est in rebus inane,

id. 1, 330 sq.; cf. id. 1, 569; 2, 236:

ita nullum inane, nihil esse individuum potest,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 65:

plus esse inanis,

Lucr. 1, 365:

inani,

ib. 524:

inane,

id. 1, 369; 426; 507;

514 et saep.: ad inane naturae,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13:

per inane,

through the air, Lucr. 1, 1018; 2, 65 et saep.; Verg. E. 6, 31; id. A. 12, 906; Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 169 et saep.— Abl.:

inani,

Lucr. 1, 742; 1009:

ab inani,

id. 1, 431:

in inani,

id. 1, 1078; 2, 122:

sine inani,

id. 1, 510; 532; 538:

per inania,

id. 1, 223; Ov. M. 2, 506.

Trop.

In gen., empty, useless, worthless, vain, unprofitable:

aures ipsae, quid plenum, quid inane sit judicant,

Cic. Brut. 8, 34:

quod honestum nos et laudabile esse dicamus, id illi cassum quiddam et inani vocis sono decoratum esse dicant,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 119; cf.:

honesti inane nomen esse,

id. Ac. 2, 22, 71:

sin vera visa divina sunt, falsa autem et inania humana,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127:

voces inanes fundere,

id. Tusc. 3, 18, 42; cf.

elocutio,

id. de Or. 1, 6, 20:

damnatus inani judicio,

Juv. 1, 47:

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 32:

verba,

id. 8, 2, 17; 9, 3, 100; cf.

verborum torrenti,

id. 10, 7, 23:

crimen,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 177:

o inanes nostras contentiones!

id. de Or. 3, 2, 7:

o spes fallaces et cogitationes inanes meae!

id. Mil. 34, 94; cf.:

inani et tenui spe te consolaris,

id. Rosc. Com. 14, 42:

spes,

Verg. A. 10, 627:

religio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

delectari multis inanibus rebus, ut gloriā, etc.,

id. Lael. 14, 49; 23, 86:

cupiditates,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 46:

causas nequidquam nectis inanes,

Verg. A. 9, 219:

minae,

Hor. Epod. 6, 3:

tempus inane peto, requiem spatiumque furori,

vacant, leisure, Verg. A. 4, 433; so,

ternpora (with morae),

Val. Fl. 3, 657: tempora, in prosody, i. q. the Gr. kenos chronos, the use of a short syllable for a long one, Quint. 9, 4, 51 Spald.—

With gen.:

omnia plena consiliorum, inania verborum,

poor in words, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37:

quae inanissima prudentiae reperta sunt,

id. Mur. 12, 26.—

Of persons, vain, worthless, petty:

Graii,

Lucr. 1, 639:

homo inanis et regiae superbiae,

Sall. J. 64, 5:

imagines, quibus inanissimi homines serviunt,

Lact. 2, 17, 8:

inanes Hoc juvat,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 76; Liv. 45, 23, 16; Lucr. 1, 639:

hi pressi et integri, contra inflati illi et inanes,

Quint. 12, 10, 16; cf.:

illud vero pusilli animi et inanis,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

non negaverim totam Asiae regionem inaniora parere ingenia,

Liv. 45, 23, 16.—

As subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., that which is empty or vain; emptiness, vanity, inanity:

o curas hominum! o quantum est in rebus inane!

Pers. 1, 1:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113.— Plur.:

dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet,

id. A. P. 230:

inaina famae,

idle reports, Tac. A. 2, 76:

inania belli,

id. ib. 2, 69.—Hence, adv.: ĭnānĭter, vainly, idly, uselessly:

exsultare,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13:

moveri,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 47; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 34:

pectus angere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 211:

medicas exercet inaniter artes,

Ov. M. 2, 618.

* * *

lĕvis, e, adj. [for leg-vis; Sanscr. laghu-s, little; cf. O. H. Germ. ring-i; Germ. gering; Gr. elachus], light in weight, not heavy (opp. gravis).

Lit.:

leviora corpora (opp. graviora),

Lucr. 2, 227:

aether,

id. 5, 459:

aura,

id. 3, 196:

levior quam pluma,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

stipulae,

Verg. G. 1, 289: armatura, light armor:

levis armaturae Numidae,

the light-armed Numidians, Caes. B. G. 2, 10; also, by metonymy, lightarmed troops; v. armatura, and cf.:

sed haec fuerit nobis tamquam levis armaturae prima orationis excursio,

Cic. Div. 2, 10 fin.; so,

miles,

a light-armed soldier, Liv. 8, 8; cf.

of clothing: nudi, aut sagulo leves,

Tac. G. 6:

flebis in solo levis angiportu,

Hor. C. 1, 25, 10.—Of the earth upon the dead:

terraque securae sit super ossa levis,

Tib. 2, 4, 50;

esp. freq. on tombstones: sit tibi terra levis (abbreviated, S. T. T. L.): per leves populos,

the shades, bodiless persons, Ov. M. 10, 14:

virgaque levem coerces aurea turbam,

Hor. C. 1, 10, 18.— Poet. with inf.: fessis leviora tolli Pergama Grais, a lighter burden, i. e. easier to be destroyed, Hor. C. 2, 4, 11.—

Transf.

Light of digestion, easy to digest (mostly poet. and post-Aug.):

quae in aqua degunt, leviorem cibum praestant. Inter domesticas quadrupedes levissima suilla est, gravissima bubula,

lightest of digestion, Cels. 1, 18:

leves malvae,

Hor. C. 1, 31, 16 (cf.:

gravi Malvae salubres corpori,

id. Epod. 2, 57).—

Light in motion, swift, quick, fleet, nimble, rapid (syn.:

agilis, alacer, pernix): ipsa (diva) levi fecit volitantem flamine currum (i. e. Argo),

a quick, favorable wind, Cat. 64, 9; cf.:

leves venti,

Ov. M. 15, 346:

flatus,

Sil. 15, 162:

currus,

light, swift, Ov. M. 2, 150:

levi deducens pollice filum,

light, nimble, id. ib. 4, 36; so,

pollex,

id. ib. 6, 22:

saltus,

id. ib. 7, 767;

3, 599: peltam pro parma fecit, ut ad motus concursusque essent leviores,

Nep. Iphicr. 1:

Messapus levis cursu,

Verg. A. 12, 489:

leves Parthi,

id. G. 4, 314:

equus,

Val. Fl. 1, 389:

Nympharumque leves cum Satyris chori,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 31:

quaere modos leviore plectro,

nimbler, gayer, id. ib. 2, 1, 40:

et levis erecta consurgit ad oscula plantā,

Juv. 6, 507.—With inf. ( poet.):

omnes ire leves,

Sil. 16, 488:

exsultare levis,

id. 10, 605:

levior discurrere,

id. 4, 549:

nullo levis terrore moveri,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 514:

hora,

fleeting, Ov. M. 15, 181:

terra,

light, thin soil, Verg. G. 2, 92:

et ubi montana (loca) quod leviora et ideo salubriora,

Varr. R. R. 1, 6, 3;

so (opp graviora),

id. ib. —

Slight, trifling, small (mostly poet.): ignis, Ov. M. 3, 488:

tactus,

a slight, gentle touch, id. ib. 4, 180:

strepitus,

id. ib. 7, 840:

stridor,

id. ib. 4, 413.

Trop.

Without weight, i. e. of no consequence; hence, in gen., light, trifling, unimportant, inconsiderable, trivial, slight, little, petty, easy (class.):

nunquam erit alienis gravis qui suis se concinnat levem,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 58:

grave est nomen imperii atque id etiam in levi persona pertimescitur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 45:

leve et infirmum,

id. Rosc. Com. 2, 6: quae mihi ad spem obtinendae veritatis gravissima sunt;

ad motum animi... leviora,

id. Deiot. 2, 5:

quod alia quaedam inania et levia conquiras,

id. Planc. 26, 63:

auditio,

a light, unfounded report, Caes. B. G. 7, 42:

cui res et pecunia levissima et existimatio sanctissima fuit semper,

something very insignificant, Cic. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

dolor,

id. Fin. 1, 12, 40:

proelium,

Caes. B. G. 7, 36:

periculum,

id. B. C. 3, 26:

in aliquem merita,

id. ib. 2, 32, 10:

leviore de causa,

id. B. G. 7, 4 fin.:

praecordia levibus flagrantia causis,

Juv. 13, 182:

effutire leves indigna tragoedia versus,

Hor. A. P. 231.—As subst.:

in levi habitum,

was made little of, was regarded as a trifle, Tac. H. 2, 21; id. A. 3, 54:

levia sed nimium queror,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 63:

quid leviora loquor? Petr. poët. 134, 12: non est leve tot puerorum observare manus,

no easy matter, Juv. 7, 240:

quidquid levius putaris,

easier, id. 10, 344.—

With gen. ( poet.):

opum levior,

Sil. 2, 102.—

In disposition or character.

Light, light-minded, capricious, fickle, inconstant, unreliable, false:

homo levior quam pluma,

Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 23:

ne me leviorem erga te putes,

id. Trin. 5, 2, 34:

tu levior cortice,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 22:

vitium levium hominum atque fallacium,

Cic. Lael. 25, 91:

quidam saepe in parva pecunia perspiciuntur quam sint leves,

id. ib. 17, 63:

leves ac nummarii judices,

id. Clu. 28, 75:

sit precor illa levis,

Tib. 1, 6, 56:

levi brachio aliquid agere,

Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6:

quid levius aut turpius,

Caes. B. G. 5, 28 fin.:

auctor,

Liv. 5, 15:

leves amicitiae,

Cic. Lael. 26, 100:

spes,

vain, empty, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 8:

leviores mores,

Ulp. Fragm. 6, 12.—

Mild, gentle, pleasant (rare):

quos qui leviore nomine appellant, percussores vocant,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93; and:

levior reprehensio,

id. Ac. 2, 32, 102:

tandem eo, quod levissimum videbatur, decursum est,

the gentlest, mildest, Liv. 5, 23 fin.:

nec leves somnos timor aut cupido Sordidus aufert,

Hor. C. 2, 16, 15; id. Epod. 2, 28:

exsilium,

mild, tolerable, Suet. Aug. 51.—Hence, adv.: lĕ-vĭter, lightly, not heavily.

Lit. (rare):

armati,

light-armed, Curt. 4, 13.—Of the blow of a weapon:

levius casura pila sperabat,

Caes. B. C. 3, 92, 2.—

Trop.

Slightly, a little, not much, somewhat:

leviter densae nubes,

Lucr. 6, 248:

inflexum bacillum,

Cic. Div. 1, 17, 30:

genae leviter eminentes (al. leniter),

id. N. D. 2, 57, 143:

qui (medici) leviter aegrotantes leniter curant, gravioribus autem morbis, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

saucius,

id. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

non leviter lucra liguriens,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177:

agnoscere aliquid,

id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:

eruditus,

id. de Or. 3, 6, 24.— Comp.:

quanto constantior idem In vitiis, tanto levius miser,

so much less, Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

dolere,

Ov. P. 1, 9, 30.— Sup.:

ut levissime dicam,

to express it in the mildest manner, Cic. Cat. 3, 7 fin. —

Easily, lightly, without difficulty, with equanimity:

id eo levius ferendum est, quod, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 2; cf.:

sed levissime feram, si, etc.,

id. Prov. Cons. 20, 47; Liv. 29, 9.— Comp.:

levius torquetis Arachne,

more dexterously, Juv. 2, 56.

lēvis (erroneously laevis), e, adj. [Gr. leios, leuros], smooth, smoothed, not rough, opp. asper (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

corpuscula quaedam levia, alia aspera, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 66:

in locis (spectatur): leves an asperi,

id. Part. Or. 10, 36:

Deus levem eum (mundum) fecit et undique aequabilem,

id. Univ. 6:

pocula,

smooth, shining, Verg. A. 5, 91:

pharetrae,

id. ib. 5, 558:

brassica,

Cato, R. R. 15, 7:

levissima corpora,

Lucr. 4, 659:

coma pectine levis,

Ov. M. 12, 409:

nascunturque leves per digitos umerosque plumae,

Hor. C. 2, 20, 11:

levior assiduo detritis aequore conchis,

Ov. M. 13, 792: inimicus pumice levis, rubbed (cf. pumicatus), Juv. 9, 95.— Poet.: levi cum sanguine Nisus labitur infelix, slippery, [p. 1055] Verg. A. 5, 328:

levis Juventas ( = imberbis),

smooth, without hair, beardless, Hor. C. 2, 11, 6; so,

ora,

Tib. 1, 9 (8), 31:

crura,

Juv. 8, 115:

sponsus,

id. 3, 111:

caput,

id. 10, 199; 2, 12; hence, also, poet. for youthful, delicate, beautiful:

pectus,

Verg. A. 11, 40:

frons,

id. E. 6, 51:

umeri,

id. A. 7, 815:

colla,

Ov. M. 10, 698.—Also, finely dressed, spruce, effeminate:

vir,

Ov. A. A. 3, 437; Pers. 1, 82: argentum, smooth, not engraved or chased, Juv. 14, 62.—In neutr. absol.:

externi ne quid valeat per leve morari,

smoothness, Hor. S. 2, 7, 87; so,

per leve,

Pers. 1, 64:

per levia,

Aus. Idyll. 16, 4.—

Transf., rubbed smooth, ground down, softened, soft (rare), Scrib. Comp. 228; Cels. 2, 8.—

Trop., of speech, smooth, flowing (rare but class.):

oratio (opp. aspera),

Cic. Or. 5 fin.; so,

levis verborum concursus (opp. asper),

id. de Or. 3, 43, 171:

levis et aspera (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 15:

levis et quadrata compositio,

id. 2, 5, 9:

levia ac nitida,

id. 5, 12, 18:

(aures) fragosis offenduntur et levibus mulcentur,

id. 9, 4, 116.— Adv. does not occur.

ŏnĕro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [onus].

To load, lade, burden, freight with any thing (class.).

Lit.:

navim magnam multis mercibus,

Plaut. Men. prol. 25:

naves, ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque, paulo facit humiliores,

for loading expeditiously, Caes. B. G. 5, 1:

jumenta,

Sall. J. 75, 6:

naves commeatu, etc.,

id. ib. 86, 1:

costas aselli pomis,

Verg. G. 1, 274:

tauri cervix oneratur aratro,

is loaded, burdened, Ov. A. A. 1, 19:

aures lapillis,

id. ib. 3, 129; cf.:

umerum pallio,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 4:

ventrem,

to load, fill, Sall. Or. Rep. Ord. 1:

epulis onerari,

to overload, gorge one's self, Ov. P. 1, 10, 31:

vino et epulis onerati,

Sall. J. 76, 6:

cibus, qui in aegritudine alat neque oneret,

without oppressing the stomach, Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 48:

vaccas,

to cause them to be covered, Pall. 8, 4.—

Transf., in gen., to load, cover ( poet.):

dapibus mensas onerare,

to cover, Verg. G. 4, 133:

manusque ambas jaculis oneravit acutis,

id. A. 10, 868:

jaculo palmas oneravit acuto,

i. e. armed, id. ib. 11, 574 (but armavit is the better read.; v. Forbig. ad loc.): membra [p. 1266] sepulcro, id. ib. 10, 558; cf.:

ossa aggere terrae,

id. ib. 11, 212:

aliquem saxis,

to stone, Phaedr. 3, 2, 4.—

Trop., to load, burden, weary; to oppress, overwhelm, overload (with good or evil; cf. Forbig. ad Verg. A. 10, 620), etc.:

me amoenitate oneravit dies,

has overwhelmed me, Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 7.:

laetitiā senem,

id. ib. 4, 2, 47:

malignitateomnis mortalis,

id. ib. 3, 1, 5:

diem commoditatibus,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 1:

aliquem mendaciis,

Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 7; cf. Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 61:

judicem argumentis,

id. N. D. 3, 3, 8:

aethera votis,

Verg. A. 9, 24:

verbis lassas onerantibus aures,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 10:

aliquem pugnis,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 172:

maledictis,

id. Ps. 1, 3, 123; cf.

contumeliis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99; for which only absol. Sejanum, Tac. A. 4. 68:

aliquem injuriis,

Ter. And. 5, 1, 8:

aliquem malis,

Verg. A. 4, 549:

aliquem laudibus,

Liv. 4, 13:

spe praemiorum,

id. 35, 11:

promissis,

Sall. J. 12, 3:

honoribus,

Just. 5, 4, 13.—

Transf., to make heavier or more burdensome, to render more oppressive, to heighten, to aggravate (only since the Aug. per.;

esp. freq. in Tac. and the younger Plin.): injuriam alicujus invidiā,

Liv. 38, 56 fin.:

pericula alicujus,

Tac. A. 16, 30:

curas,

id. H. 2, 52:

delectum avaritiā et luxu,

to aggravate, make worse, render more odious, id. ib. 4, 14:

onerat te quaesturae tuae famā, quam ex Bithyniā optimam revexisti,

Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 8; 1, 8, 5; id. Pan. 24, 1; 73, 6.—

To load, stow, or heap up any thing in any thing ( poet.):

vina cadis,

Verg. A. 1, 195:

canistris Dona Cereris,

id. ib. 8, 180.— Hence, ŏnĕrātus, a, um, P. a., filled, full; with gen.: oneratus frugum et floris Liberi, Pac. ap. Non. 498, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 95 Rib.).—

Loaded, i. e. deceived, befooled:

ille est oneratus recte,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 115:

ego illum probe jam oneratum huc admovebo,

id. Mil. 3, 3, 61.

prĕmo, essi, essum, 3, v. a. [etym. dub.; cf. prelum], to press (class.).

Lit.:

pede pedem alicui premere,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518:

veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,

id. ib. 2, 379:

novercae Monstra manu premens,

id. ib. 8, 288:

pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,

i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body, Ov. Ib. 366:

trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas,

press, rest heavily upon them, Hor. C. 2, 18, 3:

premere terga genu alicujus,

Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24:

ubera plena,

i. e. to milk, id. F. 4, 769:

vestigia alicujus,

to tread in, to follow one's footsteps, Tac. A. 2, 14:

nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem,

Juv. 1, 43:

dente frena,

to bite, to champ, Ov. M. 10, 704:

ore aliquid,

to chew, eat, id. ib. 5, 538; cf.:

aliquid morsu,

Lucr. 3, 663:

presso molari,

with compressed teeth, Juv. 5, 160:

pressum lac,

i. e. cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.:

Hister Peucen premerat Antro,

forced, Val. Fl. 8, 256:

uxorem,

Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals:

feminas premunt galli,

Mart. 3, 57, 17.—

Transf.

Poet., to bear down upon, to touch:

premere litora,

Ov. M. 14, 416:

litus,

to keep close to the shore, Hor. C. 2, 10, 3:

aëra,

i. e. to fly, Luc. 7, 835.—

Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp:

premere frena manu,

Ov. M. 8, 37:

ferrum,

to grasp, Sil. 5, 670:

capulum,

id. 2, 615.—

Poet., to press a place with one's body, i. e. to sit, stand, lie, fall, or seat one's self on any thing:

toros,

Ov. H. 12, 30:

sedilia,

id. M. 5, 317:

hoc quod premis habeto,

id. ib. 5, 135:

et pictam positā pharetram cervice premebat,

id. ib. 2, 421:

humum,

to lie on the ground, id. Am. 3, 5, 16; cf. id. F. 4, 844:

frondes tuo premis ore caducas,

id. M. 9, 650; Sen. Hippol. 510.—

To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.):

aliquid terrā,

to conceal, bury in the earth, Hor. Epod. 1, 33:

nonumque prematur in annum,

kept back, suppressed, id. A. P. 388:

omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus,

Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36:

ossa male pressa,

i. e. buried, id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing:

ut premerer sacrā lauro,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 18:

molli Fronde crinem,

Verg. A. 4, 147:

canitiem galeā,

id. ib. 9, 612:

mitrā capillos,

Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.—

To make, form, or shape any thing by pressing ( poet.):

quod surgente die mulsere horisque diurnis, Nocte premunt,

they make into cheese, Verg. G. 3, 400:

os fingit premendo,

id. A. 6, 80:

caseos,

id. E. 1, 35:

mollem terram,

Vulg. Sap. 15, 7; Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.—

To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely:

hostes de loco superiore,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt,

id. B. C. 3, 46:

hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus,

Verg. A. 1, 467:

Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius,

Nep. Hann. 11, 5:

hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis,

Verg. A. 8, 473:

obsidione urbem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals:

ad retia cervum,

Verg. G. 3, 413:

spumantis apri cursum clamore,

id. A. 1, 324:

bestias venatione,

Isid. 10, 282.—

To press down, burden, load, freight:

nescia quem premeret,

on whose back she sat, Ov. M. 2, 869:

tergum equi,

id. ib. 8, 34;

14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis,

Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116):

pressae carinae,

Verg. G. 1, 303:

pressus membra mero,

Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42:

magno et gravi onere armorum pressi,

Caes. B. G. 4, 24:

auro phaleras,

to adorn, Stat. Th. 8, 567.—

To press into, force in, press upon:

(caprum) dentes in vite prementem,

Ov. F. 1, 355:

presso sub vomere,

Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.:

presso aratro,

Tib. 4, 1, 161:

alte ensem in corpore,

Stat. Th. 11, 542:

et nitidas presso pollice finge comas,

Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14:

et cubito remanete presso,

leaning upon, Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. —

To make with any thing ( poet.):

aeternā notā,

Ov. F. 6, 610:

littera articulo pressa tremente,

id. H. 10, 140:

multā via pressa rotā,

id. ib. 18, 134.—

To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower:

nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,

Ov. M. 2, 135:

humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,

id. Tr. 3, 11, 67:

mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,

sinks down, Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155. —

In partic.

To set, plant:

virgulta per agros,

Verg. G. 2, 346; 26.—

To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig:

vestigio leviter presso,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53; cf.

(trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa,

id. Sest. 5, 13:

sulcum premere,

to draw a furrow, Verg. A. 10, 296:

fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit),

Front. Strat. 1, 5:

fossa pressa,

Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4:

cavernae in altitudinem pressae,

Curt. 5, 1, 28.—

To strike to the ground, to strike down:

tres famulos,

Verg. A. 9, 329:

paucos,

Tac. H. 4, 2.—

To press closely, compress, press together, close:

oculos,

Verg. A. 9, 487:

alicui fauces,

Ov. M. 12, 509:

laqueo collum,

to strangle, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37:

angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus,

Ov. M. 9, 78:

presso gutture,

compressed, Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.:

siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis,

i. e. stopped his breath, Juv. 6, 621:

quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis,

choked, id. 14, 221:

amplexu presso,

united, in close embrace, Sen. Oedip. 192:

oscula jungere pressa,

to exchange kisses, Ov. H. 2, 94; so,

pressa basia,

Mart. 6, 34, 1:

presso gradu incedere,

in close ranks, foot to foot, Liv. 28, 14:

pede presso,

id. 8, 8.—

In partic.

To shorten, tighten, draw in:

pressis habenis,

Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.:

laxas dure habenas,

id. ib. 1, 63).—

To keep short, prune:

Calenā falce vitem,

Hor. C. 1, 31, 9:

luxuriem falce,

Ov. M. 14, 628:

falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes),

Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131:

molle salictum,

Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.—

To check, arrest, stop:

premere sanguinem,

Tac. A. 15, 64:

vestigia pressit,

Verg. A. 6, 197:

attoniti pressere gradum,

Val. Fl. 2, 424 ' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.—

To press out, bring out by pressure:

tenerā sucos pressere medullā,

Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.—

To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in [p. 1441] oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.—

Trop.

To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.):

ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.:

quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant,

id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:

aerumnae, quae me premunt,

Sall. J. 14, 22:

pressus gravitate soporis,

bound by heavy, deep sleep, Ov. M. 15, 21:

cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

invidia et odio populi premi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

premi periculis,

id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

cum a me premeretur,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139; cf.:

aliquem verbo,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:

criminibus veris premere aliquem,

Ov. M. 14, 401:

cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit,

was pressed, urged, importuned, Nep. Ages. 6, 1:

a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt;

mortali urgemur ab hoste,

Verg. A. 10, 375:

premere reum voce, vultu,

Tac. A. 3, 67:

crimen,

to pursue obstinately, Quint. 7, 2, 12:

confessionem,

to force a confession from one, id. 7, 1, 29:

argumentum etiam atque etiam,

to pursue steadily, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

ancipiti mentem formidine pressus,

Verg. A. 3, 47:

maerore pressa,

Sen. Oct. 103:

veritate pressus negare non potuit,

overcome, overpowered, Lact. 4, 13.—

Transf.

To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.):

dum nocte premuntur,

Verg. A. 6, 827:

curam sub corde,

id. ib. 4, 332:

odium,

Plin. Pan. 62:

iram,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,

id. ib. 13, 16:

interius omne secretum,

Sen. Ep. 3, 4:

dolorem silentio,

Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646:

aliquid ore,

Verg. A. 7, 103:

jam te premet nox,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.—

To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate:

premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,

Liv. 22, 12:

arma Latini,

Verg. A. 11, 402:

opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36:

famam alicujus,

Tac. A. 15, 49:

premere ac despicere,

Quint. 11, 1, 16:

premere tumentia, humilia extollere,

id. ib. 10, 4, 1.—

To surpass, exceed:

facta premant annos,

Ov. M. 7, 449:

ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,

id. P. 3, 1, 116:

quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.—

To rule ( poet.):

dicione premere populos,

Verg. A. 7, 737:

imperio,

id. ib. 1, 54:

Mycenas Servitio premet,

id. ib. 1, 285.—

To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade:

quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118:

nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,

Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1:

premebat reum crimen,

id. 3, 13, 1.—

To compress, abridge, condense:

haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.—

To check, arrest, repress, restrain:

cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,

Cic. Brut. 97, 332:

sub imo Corde gemitum,

Verg. A. 10, 464:

vocem,

to be silent, id. ib. 9, 324:

sermones vulgi,

to restrain, Tac. A. 3, 6.—

To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon:

(vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,

Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.

Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.

Lit.:

presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,

Liv. 8, 8, 9:

presso gradu,

id. 28, 14, 14; cf.:

pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

Ov. M. 3, 17.—

Trop.

Of the voice or manner, subdued:

haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.—

Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy:

color pressus,

Pall. 4, 13, 4:

color viridi pressior,

Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32:

spadices pressi,

Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.—

Esp., of an orator or of speech.

Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.):

fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,

Quint. 10, 2, 16:

cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,

id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style:

pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,

Quint. 10, 1, 102:

pressus et demissus stilus,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.— Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.—

Close, exact, accurate:

Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24:

sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,

Gell. 2, 6, 5:

quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,

stricter, greater, App. M. 5, p. 160, 36:

cogitationes pressiores,

id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible:

(lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.—

Closely, tightly.

Lit.:

vites pressius putare,

Pall. 12, 9:

pressius colla radere,

Veg. Vet. 1, 56.—

Trop.

Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly:

loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.—

Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely:

definire presse et anguste,

Cic. Or. 33, 117:

abundanter dicere, an presse,

Quint. 8, 3, 40:

pressius et astrictius scripsi,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.—

Without ornament, simply:

unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,

Cic. Brut. 55, 202:

aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,

Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.—

Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately:

mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,

Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24:

definiunt pressius,

id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14:

anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,

Gell. 1, 3, 21.

ag-grăvo ( adg-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (first used in the Aug. per., and only in prose writers; perh. formed by Livy, who uses it very often), to add to the weight of, to make heavier.

Lit.:

adgravatur pondus,

Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 117:

adgravavit jugum nostrum,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 12, 10:

compedem meum,

ib. Thren. 3, 7.—

Fig.

In gen., to make worse or more dangerous, [p. 71] to aggravate:

quo (bello) si adgravatae res essent,

Liv. 4, 12:

odor adgravans capita,

Plin. 12, 17, 40, § 79:

ictus,

id. 28, 4, 7, § 37:

vulnera,

id. 28, 3, 6, § 31:

dolorem,

Curt. 8, 10:

proelium,

Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 3:

quare aggravatis corda vestra?

i. e. harden, ib. 1 Reg. 6, 6.—

Esp., to oppress, to burden, annoy, incommode:

sine ope hostis, quae adgravaret,

Liv. 44, 7 fin.:

morbo adgravante (eum),

Suet. Caes. 1:

beneficia rationes nostras adgravatura,

Sen. Ben. 4, 13:

argumenta, quae per se nihil reum adgravare videantur,

appear to be without weight, Quint. 5, 7, 18.

ag-grăvo ( adg-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. (first used in the Aug. per., and only in prose writers; perh. formed by Livy, who uses it very often), to add to the weight of, to make heavier.

Lit.:

adgravatur pondus,

Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 117:

adgravavit jugum nostrum,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 12, 10:

compedem meum,

ib. Thren. 3, 7.—

Fig.

In gen., to make worse or more dangerous, [p. 71] to aggravate:

quo (bello) si adgravatae res essent,

Liv. 4, 12:

odor adgravans capita,

Plin. 12, 17, 40, § 79:

ictus,

id. 28, 4, 7, § 37:

vulnera,

id. 28, 3, 6, § 31:

dolorem,

Curt. 8, 10:

proelium,

Vulg. 1 Par. 10, 3:

quare aggravatis corda vestra?

i. e. harden, ib. 1 Reg. 6, 6.—

Esp., to oppress, to burden, annoy, incommode:

sine ope hostis, quae adgravaret,

Liv. 44, 7 fin.:

morbo adgravante (eum),

Suet. Caes. 1:

beneficia rationes nostras adgravatura,

Sen. Ben. 4, 13:

argumenta, quae per se nihil reum adgravare videantur,

appear to be without weight, Quint. 5, 7, 18.

dē-pōno, pŏsŭi, pŏsĭtum, 3 ( perf. deposivi, Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 4:

deposivit,

id. Most. 2, 1, 35; Catull. 34, 8; inf. perf. deposisse, Verg. Cat. 8, 16; part. sync. depostus, Lucil. ap. Non. 279, 19, v. pono), v. a., to lay away, to put or place aside; to lay, put, or set down; to lay, place, set, deposit (freq. in all periods and sorts of writing).—Constr. with acc. alone; or acc. and locative or abl. with or without a prep.; or acc. and adv. of place where, or apud and personal name; rare and doubtful with in and acc. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 340 sq.). —

Lit.

In gen.:

caput deponit, condormiscit,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81; cf.:

caput terrae,

Ov. Am. 3, 5, 20:

corpora (pecudes),

Lucr. 1, 259; cf.:

corpora sub ramis arboris,

Verg. A. 7, 108:

fessum latus sub lauru,

Hor. Od. 2, 7, 19:

mentum in gremiis mimarum,

Cic. Phil. 13, 11, 24 et saep.:

onus,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 10; id. Sull. 23, 65; Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3 al.; cf.:

onera jumentis,

Caes. B. C. 1, 80, 2:

arma,

id. B. G. 4, 32 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 10, 9; Liv. 5, 2 al.; cf.:

depositis in contubernio armis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 76, 2:

arma umeris,

Verg. A. 12, 707:

anulos aureos et phaleras,

Liv. 9, 46:

coronam, and, shortly after, coronam Romae in aram Apollinis,

id. 23, 11:

ungues et capillos,

i. e. to cut off, Petr. 104, 6; cf.

comas (for which, shortly before, secuit capillos),

Mart. 5, 48, 6:

crinem,

Tac. H. 4, 61 et saep.:

argenti pondus defossā terrā,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 42:

semina vel scrobe vel sulco,

to deposit in the earth, to plant, Col. 5, 4, 2; and:

stirpem vitis aut oleae,

id. 1, 1, 5:

malleolum in terram,

id. 3, 10, 19:

plantas sulcis,

Verg. G. 2, 24 et saep.: exercitum in terram (for exponere), to land, Just. 4, 5, 8:

hydriam de umero,

Vulg. Gen. 21, 46.— Poet. of bearing, bringing forth (as the putting off of a burden): (Latonia) quam mater prope Deliam Deposivit olivam, Catull. 34, 8; cf.:

onus naturae,

Phaedr. 1, 18, 5; 1, 19, 4; to lay as a stake, wager: Dam. Ego hanc vitulam... Depono. Men. De grege non ausim quicquam deponere tecum... verum pocula ponam Fagina, Verg. E. 3, 31 sq.—

In partic.

Pregn., to lay up, lay aside, put by, deposit anywhere; to give in charge to, commit to the care of intrust to any one:

non semper deposita reddenda: si gladium quis apud te sana mente deposuerit, repetat insaniens: reddere peccatum sit, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 25, 95; so,

aliquid apud aliquem,

Plaut. Bac. 2, 3, 72; Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2; id. Verr. 2, 4, 12, § 29; Caes. B. C. 3, 108 fin.; Quint. 5, 13, 49; 9, 2, 92; Tac. H. 1, 13; Liv. 38, 19, 2 et saep.; cf.:

obsides apud eos,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63 al.:

praedam in silvis,

id. ib. 6, 41; cf.:

pecuniam in templo,

Liv. 44, 25:

pecunias in publica fide,

id. 24, 18 fin.;

also: liberos, uxores suaque omnia in silvas,

Caes. B. G. 4, 19 (dub.—al. in sylvis; id. B. C. 1, 23, 4 the true reading is in publico):

impedimenta citra flumen Rhenum,

id. B. G. 2, 29, 4:

saucios,

id. B. C. 3, 78, 1 and 5 et saep.:

pretium in deposito habendum,

in charge, Dig. 36, 3, 5 fin.:

si pro deposito apud eum fuerit,

ib. 33, 8, 8, § 5.—

To put or bring down, lay upon the ground:

scio quam rem agat: ut me deponat vino, etc.,

to make drunk, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 39.—

Hence (because it was the custom to take a person who had just died out of bed and lay him on the ground), meton.: depositus, dead, just dead:

jam prope depositus, certe jam frigidus,

Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 47:

depositum nec me qui fleat ullus erit,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 40:

DEPOSITVS IN PACE,

Inscr. Orell. 5014; cf. ib. 4874.—As subst.:

depositus meus,

Petr. 133, 4.—

Also, because the hopelessly sick were often laid on the earth, dying, given up, despaired of: jam tum depostu' bubulcus Expirans animam pulmonibus aeger agebat, Lucil. ap. Non. 279, 19:

deponere est desperare, unde et depositi desperati dicuntur,

Non. 279, 30: depositus modo sum anima, vita sepultus, Caecil. ap. Non. 279 (Com. v. 121 Rib.):

ut depositi proferret fata parentis,

Verg. A. 12, 395 Serv.: texere paludes Depositum, Fortuna, tuum, Lucan. 2, 72;

and transf.: mihi videor magnam et maxime aegram et prope depositam reip. partem suscepisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5.—

In post-Aug. lang. esp. freq. in the jurists, of buildings, etc., to pull down, take down, demolish, overthrow:

aedificium vel arboris ramos,

Dig. 8, 2, 17 (shortly after, qui tollit aedificium vel deprimit); so id. 8, 2, 31; 41, 3, 23 fin. et saep.:

deposita arx,

Stat. S. 1, 4, 91:

statuas,

pull down, Spart. Sev. 14: tabulas, destroy, Capit. Max. duob. 12:

adversarios tuos,

Vulg. Exod. 15, 7. —

Trop.

With a predominant notion of putting away, removing, etc., to lay down, lay aside, give up, resign, get rid of:

studia de manibus,

Cic. Ac. 1, 1, 3:

ex memoria insidias,

id. Sull. 6, 18:

in sermone et suavitate alicujus omnes curas doloresque deponere,

id. Fam. 4, 6, 2:

petitoris personam capere, accusatoris deponere,

id. Quint. 13 fin.; so,

contentionem,

Liv. 4, 6; cf.

certamina,

id. ib.;

and, bellum,

Ov. M. 8, 47; Tac. H. 2, 37;

opp. incipere,

Sall. J. 83, 1;

opp. coepisse,

Liv. 31, 1;

and with omittere,

id. 31, 31 fin.:

deponere amicitias, suscipere inimicitias,

Cic. Lael. 21, 77:

invidiam,

id. Agr. 2, 26, 69:

simultates,

id. Planc. 31, 76:

maerorem et luctum,

id. Phil. 14, 13:

omnem spem contentionis,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19:

consilium adeundae Syriae,

id. B. C. 3, 103:

imperium,

id. B. G. 7, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 2, 32, 9; Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11; Liv. 2, 28 al.; cf.

provinciam,

Cic. Pis. 2, 5; id. Fam. 5, 2, 3;

dictaturam,

Quint. 3, 8, 53; 5, 10, 71:

nomen,

Suet. Ner. 41; Ov. M. 15, 543:

famem,

id. F. 6, 530; cf.:

sitim in unda vicini fontis,

i. e. to quench, id. M. 4, 98:

morbos,

Plin. 7, 50, 51:

animam,

i. e. to die, Nep. Hann. 1.—

To depose from an office (late Lat.):

te de ministerio tuo,

Vulg. Is. 22, 19.—

(Acc. to no. I. B.) To deposit, intrust, commit to, for safe-keeping: populi Romani jus in vestra fide ac religione depono, Cic. Caecin. 35 fin.:

aliquid rimosa in aure,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 46:

aliquid tutis auribus,

id. Od. 1, 27, 18:

eo scortum,

Tac. H. 1, 13.—Hence, dēpō-nens, entis, P. a., subst. (sc. verbum, lit., a verb that lays aside its proper pass. signif.), in the later grammar. a verb which, in a pass. form, has an act. meaning; deponent, Charis. p. 143 P.; Diom. p. 327 ib.; Prisc. p. 787 ib. sq. et saep.— dēpŏsĭtus, a, um, P. a., and esp. as subst. dēpŏsĭtum, i, n., any thing deposited or intrusted for safe-keeping, etc., a deposit, trust:

reddere depositum,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 31:

si depositum non infitietur amicus,

Juv. 13, 60; cf. Dig. 36, 3, 5 al.:

contempto Domino negaverit proximo suo depositum,

Vulg. Lev. 6, 2; 1 Tim. 6, 20 al.

in-jungo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to join into something.

Lit.

To join or fasten into:

tignos in asseres,

Liv. 44, 5, 4: arborem scrobi, to set or plant into, Pall. Febr. 10, 1;

so without scrobi,

id. ib. 1, 6, 5.—

To join with, to join, unite, attach to any thing:

vineas et aggerem muro,

Liv. 37, 26, 8:

vineas moenibus,

id. 5, 7, 2:

area injuncta domui,

Dig. 2, 57:

pondus,

to hang on, Col. 6, 2, 7: nutrienda sarmenta putator injungit, fastens on, i. e. does not cut off, Pall. 1, 6, 9.— Transf.:

injungere marem feminae,

Col. 6, 37, 2.—

Trop.

To inflict, occasion, bring upon (syn. impono):

civitatibus aeternam servitutem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

alicui novum laborem,

Liv. 5, 4, 3:

alicui onus,

id. 26, 35, 9:

alicui leges,

id. 39, 37, 8:

injuriam a nobis repulsam aliis,

id. 3, 65, 11:

ignominiam alicui,

id. 8, 32, 15:

delectus,

Tac. Agr. 15:

tributum,

id. G. 25: sibi tormentum, to torment one ' s self, Plin. Pan. 86, 1.—

To lay or impose upon as a burden; to charge, enjoin (syn. mando):

alicui munus comitiorum habendorum,

Liv. 3, 35, 7; cf.:

injuncta imperii munera,

Tac. Agr. 13:

injuncta militia,

Liv. 32, 3, 4:

quid a te jucundius mihi potuit injungi, quam, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 1:

nova alicui,

id. Pan. 94, 2:

mihi Bassus injunxerat ut, etc.,

id. Ep. 4, 9, 4; 4, 13, 11:

injungo mihi ut,

I have determined, id. ib. 10, 55:

alicui superlationem,

Val. Max. 6, 9, n. 12: nec sibi ullius rei moram necessitatemque injungebat, quin, etc., i. e. permitted nothing, however pressing, to hinder, etc., Auct. B. Alex. 44, 5:

jusjurandi religionem,

to impose the obligation of an oath, Gai. Inst. 4, 181.